/* UPSCStudy.in | 150-essay article template | inherits the common shell. */
.essay-topic-main{max-width:100%;min-width:0;padding:clamp(1.2rem,3vw,2rem) var(--ds-page-gutter,1rem) 4.8rem;color:var(--ds-text)}
.essay-topic-container{max-width:1260px;margin-inline:auto}
.essay-topic-grid{display:grid;grid-template-columns:minmax(0,190px) minmax(0,770px) minmax(0,190px);gap:clamp(1rem,2vw,1.7rem);align-items:start;justify-content:center}
.essay-topic-grid>*{min-width:0}
.essay-topic-article{background:var(--ds-surface,#fff);border:1px solid var(--ds-border,#e3e4e5);border-radius:var(--ds-radius-card,12px);padding:clamp(1.2rem,3.3vw,2.65rem) clamp(1.05rem,3.5vw,3.05rem);box-shadow:0 4px 22px rgba(22,35,56,.035);min-width:0}
.essay-topic-title-block{margin:0 0 1.55rem;padding-bottom:1rem;border-bottom:1px solid var(--ds-border,#e2e8f0)}
.essay-topic-kicker{font-size:.81rem;letter-spacing:.01em;font-weight:750;color:var(--ds-emphasis,var(--ds-primary));margin:0 0 .7rem}
.essay-topic-title-block h1{font-family:var(--ds-font-heading,inherit);color:var(--ds-heading,var(--ds-text));font-size:clamp(1.55rem,2.5vw,2.05rem);font-weight:800;letter-spacing:-.01em;line-height:1.52;margin:0}
.essay-topic-prose{font-family:"Noto Serif Devanagari","Noto Sans Devanagari",serif;font-size:clamp(1.04rem,1.22vw,1.13rem);line-height:2.04;color:var(--ds-text);overflow-wrap:break-word}
.essay-topic-prose p{margin:0 0 1.35rem;text-align:justify;hyphens:auto}
.essay-topic-prose .essay-subhead{font-family:var(--ds-font-body,inherit);font-size:1.08rem;font-weight:750;line-height:1.68;margin:2rem 0 1rem;color:var(--ds-heading,var(--ds-text));padding-left:.8rem;border-left:3px solid var(--ds-emphasis,var(--ds-primary))}
.essay-topic-prose p:last-child{margin-bottom:0}
.essay-topic-sources,.essay-topic-utility{margin-top:2.15rem;padding-top:1.5rem;border-top:1px solid var(--ds-border,#e2e8f0)}
.essay-topic-sources h2,.essay-topic-utility h2{font-family:var(--ds-font-heading,inherit);font-size:clamp(1.19rem,1.7vw,1.4rem);line-height:1.48;font-weight:800;color:var(--ds-heading,var(--ds-text));margin:0 0 .95rem}
.essay-topic-sources p,.essay-topic-utility>p{margin:0 0 1rem;line-height:1.8;font-size:.97rem;color:var(--ds-text)}
.essay-topic-sources .ref-list{margin:.65rem 0 0;padding-left:1.35rem;color:var(--ds-text);font-size:.9rem;line-height:1.88}
.essay-topic-sources .ref-list li{margin-bottom:.65rem}
.essay-topic-utility .q-application-card{border:1px solid var(--ds-border,#e2e8f0);border-radius:10px;background:var(--ds-surface-soft,var(--ds-surface));padding:1.1rem 1.2rem;margin:0 0 .85rem;overflow-wrap:break-word}
.essay-topic-utility .q-meta-bar{display:flex;justify-content:space-between;flex-wrap:wrap;gap:.5rem;margin-bottom:.65rem}
.essay-topic-utility .q-paper-tag{font-weight:750;color:var(--ds-heading,var(--ds-text));font-size:.84rem}
.essay-topic-utility .q-status-tag{font-size:.78rem;color:var(--ds-text-muted);font-weight:650}
.essay-topic-utility .q-status-tag.verified-pyq{color:var(--ds-emphasis,var(--ds-primary))}
.essay-topic-utility .q-prompt{font-size:1.01rem;line-height:1.8;color:var(--ds-heading,var(--ds-text));font-weight:720;margin-bottom:.55rem}
.essay-topic-utility .q-howto{font-size:.94rem;color:var(--ds-text);line-height:1.83;margin:0}
.essay-topic-utility .sub-box{padding-top:1rem;margin-top:1.4rem;border-top:1px dashed var(--ds-border,#e2e8f0)}
.essay-topic-utility .sub-box-title{font-size:1.05rem;font-weight:750;margin:0 0 .6rem;color:var(--ds-heading,var(--ds-text))}
.essay-topic-utility .linked-topics-list{padding-left:1.4rem;font-size:.93rem;line-height:1.85}
.essay-topic-utility .linked-topics-list li{margin-bottom:.4rem}
.essay-topic-rail{position:sticky;top:calc(var(--ds-sticky-top,80px) + 1rem);border:1px solid var(--ds-border,#e2e8f0);border-radius:var(--ds-radius-card,12px);padding:1rem;background:var(--ds-surface,#fff);font-size:.88rem;line-height:1.7}
.essay-topic-rail h2{font-size:.91rem;font-weight:800;line-height:1.45;margin:0 0 .75rem;color:var(--ds-heading,var(--ds-text))}
.essay-topic-rail p{color:var(--ds-text-muted);font-size:.84rem;line-height:1.72;margin:.5rem 0}
.essay-topic-rail a{display:block;color:var(--ds-primary);padding:.5rem 0;text-decoration:none;border-bottom:1px solid var(--ds-border,#e2e8f0);overflow-wrap:anywhere}
.essay-topic-rail a:last-child{border-bottom:0}
.essay-topic-rail a:hover{text-decoration:underline}
.essay-topic-rail .rail-current{color:var(--ds-heading,var(--ds-text));font-weight:750}
.essay-topic-rail .rail-counter{color:var(--ds-emphasis);font-weight:800;letter-spacing:.03em;font-size:.79rem;margin-bottom:.65rem}
.essay-topic-main .essay-course-breadcrumb{margin-bottom:1.3rem}
.essay-topic-main a:focus-visible{outline:2px solid var(--ds-primary);outline-offset:3px;border-radius:3px}
@media(max-width:1080px){.essay-topic-grid{grid-template-columns:minmax(0,1fr) 185px}.essay-topic-grid .essay-topic-rail--left{display:none}}
@media(max-width:780px){.essay-topic-grid{grid-template-columns:minmax(0,1fr);gap:1rem}.essay-topic-rail{position:static}.essay-topic-grid .essay-topic-rail--right{grid-row:2}.essay-topic-article{grid-row:1}}
@media(max-width:560px){.essay-topic-main{padding:1rem .7rem 5rem}.essay-topic-article{border-radius:10px;padding:1.18rem .95rem}.essay-topic-prose{font-size:1.07rem;line-height:1.92}.essay-topic-prose p{text-align:left}.essay-topic-utility .q-application-card{padding:.9rem}.essay-topic-title-block h1{font-size:1.5rem}}
@media print{.essay-topic-rail,.as-premium-header,.as-premium-ticker,.ds-mobile-nav,.site-footer{display:none!important}.essay-topic-grid{display:block}.essay-topic-article{box-shadow:none;border:0;padding:0}.essay-topic-main{padding:0}.essay-topic-prose{font-size:12pt;line-height:1.7}}